ASTM International establishes standards for medical face masks, categorizing them into three levels: Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3, based on filtration efficiency and breathability. Level 1 masks offer the lowest protection, suitable for low-risk situations with minimal exposure to fluids. They have a 95% filtration efficiency for particles of at least 0.1 microns and are comfortable for extended wear.
Level 2 masks provide moderate protection for environments with moderate exposure to fluids. With a 98% filtration efficiency, they are breathable but may be less comfortable for extended periods compared to Level 1 masks. Level 3 masks offer the highest protection, designed for high-exposure environments with a 98% filtration efficiency and increased resistance to fluid penetration, making them ideal for surgical settings.
It's crucial to understand that ASTM levels differ from N95 or KN95 ratings, focusing on fluid resistance, which makes them great for surgical and healthcare settings. N95 and KN95 masks are a better option when trying to protect our respiratory systems. When selecting a mask, consider the specific environment and exposure level, following guidelines from healthcare professionals and authorities.